A MURDER TRIAL WILL ALLOW DNA EVIDENCE FROM A GENEALOGY SITE

The outcome was not a given. Some legal scholars have suggested that law enforcement’s use of genetic genealogy may violate the Fourth Amendment. That constitutional right safeguards US citizens against warrantless searches and seizures by their government. Typically, courts have held that any expectation of privacy, and the attendant Fourth Amendment protections, evaporates when an individual voluntarily shares material or data with a third party, such as in social media posts or your cell phone’s location services.

But this third-party doctrine gets complicated when applied to DNA spit-kit data files uploaded to a family-finding website like GEDmatch. The biological laws of heredity that dictate how much DNA you share with your relatives make it such that someone like Talbott could be identified by the chunks of genetic material he has in common with his genealogy-curious cousins, even though he never volunteered to put his own DNA in the public square.

Proponents of the forensic method maintain that potential privacy concerns have been adequately addressed by updates to GEDmatch’s terms that explicitly telegraph the database’s use by law enforcement and allow users to opt out. But Talbott was identified as a suspect through GEDmatch before those changes were made. Officials announced his arrest two days prior to the site adjusting its policy on May 20, 2018.

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